How does a turbocharger function?

A turbocharger functions by increasing engine efficiency and power through the process of forcing extra air into the combustion chamber. This is achieved by utilizing exhaust gases that would otherwise be wasted. The components of a turbocharger include a turbine and a compressor. The turbine is driven by the engine's exhaust gases, which spin it and in turn drive the compressor. The compressor draws in and compresses ambient air before delivering it into the combustion chamber.

By introducing more air, the turbocharger allows for a higher density of oxygen to be present during combustion. This means that more fuel can be burned effectively, which enhances the engine's overall power output without significantly increasing its size. The added performance comes with improved efficiency since a turbocharged engine often produces more power relative to its displacement compared to a naturally aspirated engine.

Understanding this principle is crucial for recognizing how turbochargers benefit modern engines, enabling them to achieve better performance and efficiency while maintaining lower emissions.